===== Iot overview ===== {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/e6JtvIJcjV.png}} ===== IoT use-cases ===== {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/BvAEe83HWu.png}} From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MQoTIbFCJ8 ===== Internet Of Things ===== ===Introduction=== IoT Atlas https://iotatlas.net/en/patterns/command/ === Protocols === IOT 1. Physical Layer - transmits raw bits Wireless Bluetooth Low Energy - ZigBee- like Bluetooth, has a large installed base of operation, although perhaps traditionally more in industrial settings. ZigBee PRO and ZigBee Remote Control (RF4CE), among other available ZigBee profiles, are based on the IEEE802.15.4 protocol, which is an industry-standard wireless networking technology operating at 2.4GHz targeting applications that require relatively infrequent data exchanges at low data-rates over a restricted area and within a 100m range such as in a home or building. ZigBee/RF4CE has some significant advantages in complex systems offering low-power operation, high security, robustness and high scalability with high node counts and is well positioned to take advantage of wireless control and sensor networks in M2M and IoT applications. The latest version of ZigBee is the recently launched 3.0, which is essentially the unification of the various ZigBee wireless standards into a single standard. An example product and kit for ZigBee development are TI’s CC2538SF53RTQT ZigBee System-On-Chip IC and CC2538 ZigBee Development Kit. Z-Wave- is a low-power RF communications technology that is primarily designed for home automation for products such as lamp controllers and sensors among many others. Optimized for reliable and low-latency communication of small data packets with data rates up to 100kbit/s, it operates in the sub-1GHz band and is impervious to interference from WiFi and other wireless technologies in the 2.4-GHz range such as Bluetooth or ZigBee. It supports full mesh networks without the need for a coordinator node and is very scalable, enabling control of up to 232 devices. Z-Wave uses a simpler protocol than some others, which can enable faster and simpler development, but the only maker of chips is Sigma Designs compared to multiple sources for other wireless technologies such as ZigBee and others. 2. Data Link Layer - is responsible for making sure that those bits make it intact to the host that they were meant to go to. (checkbits) The host is here the neighbor node. (Routing is handled by the next layer) 3. Network Layer - contains packet routing through a network of routers. 4. Transport Layer - provides host-to-host communication services for applications. Multiplexing (which bit / package is for which application?), connection-oriented data stream support. 5. Session Layer - Allows to combine, synchronize data from dif. sources. Provides Services like authorization. Authentication. Helps to implement Session beans in Java. 6. Presentation Layer - does the conversion of data into the accepted format, from the transport format which may be compressed. 7. Application Layer WebOfThings - reuses web protocols for the communication between things. Otherwise it is hard to implement interactions between different devices if different vendors. https://webofthings.org/2016/01/23/wot-vs-iot-12/ REST full Web Services - as the best practice, to organise the interfaces to the devices. https://www.slideshare.net/cebartling/rest-web-services === MQTT === MQTT - Message Queuing Telemetry Transport - It is designed for connections with remote locations where a "small code footprint" is required or the network bandwidth is limited. TODO Publish Subscribe. Used on Amazon. {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/wFf31vgqHa.png}} === AMQP === AMQP was born in the financial industry. The finance community wanted a way to avoid dealing with the licensing headaches of proprietary systems. So, they created AMQP to provide an open-source method of communicating the vast amount of market data to and from financial systems. Development was customer-driven. {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/nu1XbJGEIH.png}} https://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/amqp-concepts.html https://www.cometchat.com/blog/amqp-vs-mqtt-comparing-instant-messaging-protocols OWASP Internet of Things (IoT) Project https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Internet_of_Things_Project ===== IoT Service in Cloud ===== Page dedicated to building IoT in Cloud https://iot-analytics.com/iot-cloud {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/NGbfzSEATj.png}} === Compare Platforms in 2023 === * https://euristiq.com/best-iot-cloud-platforms/ * https://www.g2.com/products/balena/reviews#survey-response-5395385 * https://fleet.tech/ * https://nexxiot.com/ === IoT frameworks in 2023 === https://plgd.dev/compare/ === Use Case: LoRaWAN and twin === Use Case: * LoRAWAN connectivity * mapping to assets * import of 3D model from Matterport into "AWS IoT TwinMaker" * integration of "Twin Maker" with time series data {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/zMsc8Kl4Ip.png?550x350}} {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/7p9G91723X.png?550x250}} {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/VGfy6MHwqh.jpg?550x350}} {{youtube>XOXxjaMDHLM?medium}} Cost? Maintainance effort? === Provisioning of Iot Devices === Example with "Tuya". The IoT device "Tuya-Gerät" is provisioined like this: {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/8wruXvnIB0.png}} See https://www.heise.de/select/ct/2019/4/1550226849835235 This one https://github.com/make-all/tuya-local/issues/300 says, that "GNCC Socket" https://www.amazon.de/GNCC-Energieverbrauchskontrolle-Fernbedienung-Sprachsteuerung-Intelligente/dp/B0B9N7NDQ7/ is using Tuya IoT. ===== IoT Architecture Cloud ===== == Event-driven reference architecture with IoT sensor data == {{https://d2908q01vomqb2.cloudfront.net/fc074d501302eb2b93e2554793fcaf50b3bf7291/2022/11/16/Figure-1.-Building-event-driven-architecture-with-IoT-sensor-data.png}} Source https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/building-event-driven-architectures-with-iot-sensor-data/ ===== Digital Twin ===== {{https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/alf-digital-wiki-pics/sharex/bVtG6DSzL3.png}}